Pixodarus

Background

Pixodarus was a notable figure in ancient Anatolian history, particularly during the time of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. He served as a satrap (provincial governor) of Caria, a region located in southwestern Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). Pixodarus belonged to a noble family within the Achaemenid Empire and served as a satrap appointed by the Persian king. He was likely of Carian descent, reflecting the Achaemenid Empire's practice of appointing local elites to govern their own regions.

Satrapy of Caria

Pixodarus held the position of satrap of Caria, overseeing the administration and governance of the province on behalf of the Persian crown. As satrap, he would have been responsible for tax collection, law enforcement, and maintaining stability within Caria. Pixodarus maintained a close relationship with the Achaemenid Persian Empire and remained loyal to the Persian king. He likely provided military and financial support to the Persian Empire, particularly during times of conflict or rebellion.

Pixodarus arranged a marriage alliance between his daughter and Mausolus, a Carian nobleman who later succeeded him as satrap of Caria. This marriage alliance was likely aimed at strengthening ties between Caria and the Persian Empire and solidifying Pixodarus's position as satrap. Pixodarus's tenure as satrap of Caria contributed to the stability and administration of the Achaemenid Empire's western territories. His efforts to forge marriage alliances and maintain friendly relations with neighboring states helped to promote Persian interests in the region.

Pixodarus was a significant figure in ancient Anatolian history as the satrap of Caria under the Achaemenid Persian Empire. His loyalty to the Persian king, administrative skills, and diplomatic initiatives contributed to the stability and prosperity of Caria within the broader context of the Achaemenid Empire. While specific details about his life and actions may be limited, Pixodarus's role as a provincial governor highlights the importance of local elites in governing the diverse territories of the Persian Empire.

References:

Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Pixodarus (2)", Boston, (1867)

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca, xvi. 74;

Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, i. 23;

Strabo, Geography, xiv. 2;

Plutarch, Parallel Lives, "Alexander", 10.

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