People > Artabanus of Persia

Artabanus of Persia

Background

Artabanus, also known as Artabanus of Persia, was a prominent figure in the Achaemenid Empire during the late 5th century BCE. He is most notably known for his involvement in the assassination of Xerxes I and his subsequent short-lived reign as king. Artabanus was likely a member of the Persian nobility, possibly with connections to the Achaemenid royal family. Details about his early life and family background are not well-documented in historical records.

Artabanus was one of the conspirators involved in the assassination of Xerxes I, the king of the Achaemenid Empire, in 465 BCE. The plot was orchestrated by Artabanus and several other courtiers, including Xerxes' chamberlain, Aspamitres. The assassination of Xerxes I was motivated by a desire for power and revenge, as Xerxes had executed Artabanus' brother, Masistes, and his family due to suspected treason. After the successful assassination, Artabanus supported the ascension of Xerxes' eldest son, Artaxerxes, to the throne. Artaxerxes I became the new king of the Achaemenid Empire, with Artabanus serving as a trusted advisor and supporter.

Artabanus played a significant role in the early years of Artaxerxes I's reign, advising the new king on matters of state and providing support in maintaining stability within the empire. His loyalty to Artaxerxes I helped secure the new king's position and legitimacy in the eyes of the Persian court and the empire at large. Over time, Artabanus' influence waned as Artaxerxes I consolidated his power and relied more on other advisors and courtiers. Artabanus' role in the assassination of Xerxes I may have caused distrust among some factions within the court, leading to a gradual decline in his political standing.

Legacy and Historical Significance:

Artabanus' involvement in the assassination of Xerxes I and his subsequent support for Artaxerxes I played a significant role in the succession of kings within the Achaemenid Empire. While his specific actions and contributions during Artaxerxes I's reign are not well-documented, his role in the transition of power from Xerxes I to Artaxerxes I highlights the complexities of Persian court politics and succession struggles.

In summary, Artabanus of Persia was a key figure in the Achaemenid Empire during the late 5th century BCE, known for his involvement in the assassination of Xerxes I and his support for Artaxerxes I's ascension to the throne. While his exact role and influence during Artaxerxes I's reign are unclear, his actions played a significant role in shaping the course of Persian history during this period of transition and succession.